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– www.wroclaw.pl", "An Alpine garden in Poland with a heavenly Devil's Lapfoot", "We Wrocławiu już ponad 200 gatunków ptaków. ... River as afeeding place for Crows (Corvidae). On the level of 500–600 m (2,000 ft) occurs pine; in the higher parts, up to 800 m (2,600 ft), there occurs European larch; and above 800 m, fir and beech. [184] Several architectural landmarks and edifices are one of the best examples of Brick Gothic and Baroque architecture in the country. [72] For most of the war, the fighting did not affect the city. The highest temperature in Wrocław was recorded on 19 August 1892[113] and 8 August 2015 (+38.9 °C). The Duchy of Silesia was first split into lower and upper parts in 1172 during the period of Poland's feudal fragmentation, when the land was divided between two sons of former High Duke Władysław II. [31] The city, however, retained its multi-ethnic character, a reflection of its importance as a trading post on the junction of the Via Regia and the Amber Road. Es bestand aber keine bezahlte Kooperation. Simultaneously, the city's territorial expansion and incorporation of surrounding townships further strengthened population growth. In 1863 the brothers Karl and Louis Stangen founded the travel agency Stangen, the second travel agency in the world. Search: Author Archives: Rick Ortenburger (Ottenburger) A new book – Orttenburger Families from Ortenburg Bavaria. Wrocław is home to Poland's largest shopping mall – Bielany Avenue (pl. An estimated 40,000 civilians lay dead in the ruins of homes and factories. The region of Legnica is the only place where a dozen or so of small lakes survived, but the majority of them is already disappearing. Będzie ich aż 2000 (LICZBA STACJI)", "Gdzie jesteśmy - PANEK CarSharing | Auto na Minuty", "Nowy wypożyczalnia aut hybrydowych we Wrocławiu", "Polinka - Wrocław University of Science and Technology", https://stat.gov.pl/vademecum/vademecum_dolnoslaskie/portrety_miast/miasto_Wroclaw.pdf, https://www.wroclaw.pl/prezydent-wroclawia/raport-o-stanie-wroclawia-za-rok-2018#:~:text=%C5%9Arednia%20wieku%20wroc%C5%82awian%20to%20niemal%2043%20lata, "Mapy i plany (Karten, Pläne), Wrocław - 1934 rok, stare zdjęcia", http://www.sbc.org.pl/Content/208447/546_wroclaw_liczby_2000-0000-00-0001.pdf, "Polacy w Breslau (do 1939 roku) | Porta Polonica", http://opip.megiteam.pl/files/0003/1298/KW_pip_nr_9_s43.pdf, "Obcokrajowcy wybierają Wrocław – pracują i studiują | Invest in Wrocław", "Obcokrajowcy coraz częściej wybierają Wrocław", Polish city marks first rabbinic ordination since World War II, "Sprawozdanie z III Ogólnopolskiego Zjazdu Rodzimowierców – Rodzima Wiara – oficjalna strona", "Tak świętują Dziady. Tajemniczy obrzęd polskich pogan", "10 lat Pastoral Centre for English-Speakers", "Ranking Szkół Wyższych tygodnika WPROST", "Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Frayed roots are easily infected by harmful fungus and insects. [146][147] Rides are paid for, tickets can be purchased in kiosks and vending machines, which are located at bus stops, as well as in the vending machines located in the vehicle (payment contactless payment card, the ticket is saved on the card). Among them, are the Vandals, the Lugii, and the Silingi, who might have given the Silesia region its name, though it is unclear and thus disputed. In 1948, Wrocław organized the Recovered Territories Exhibition and the World Congress of Intellectuals in Defense of Peace. [157], Following the end of the Second World War and post-1945 expulsions of the pre-war population, Wrocław became predominantly Polish-speaking. The coldest month is January (average temperature −0.7 °C), with snow being common in winter, and the warmest is July (average temperature 18.9 °C). | Norman Davies official website", "Following the footsteps of Eberhard Mock", "Wrocław becomes UNESCO City of Literature! List of ten public colleges and universities: The Old Town of Wrocław is listed in the Registry of Objects of Cultural Heritage and is, since 1994, on Poland's prestigious list of National Monuments. Posted by Rick Ortenburger (Ottenburger) in Uncategorized ≈ Leave a comment. During the Ostsiedlung, German settlers were invited to settle in the sparsely populated region, which until then had a Polish majority. [142] Seasonal charter flights are primarily targeted at Polish holidaymakers travelling to Southern Europe and North Africa.[142]. The airport handles passenger flights with LOT Polish Airlines, Buzz, Ryanair, Wizz Air, Lufthansa, Eurowings, Air France, KLM, Scandinavian Airlines, Swiss International Air Lines and air cargo connections. In highlighted places, on meadows, and along roads, there occurs: spotted orchid, bugleweed, yellow archangel, arnica montana, sword-leaved helleborine, rosebay willowherb, groundsel, and foxglove. To the north, Lower Silesia originally stretched up to Świebodzin and Krosno Odrzańskie, which was acquired by the Margraves of Brandenburg in 1482. In June 2020, the population of Wrocław was estimated at 643,782 individuals,[1] of which 343,036 were women and 300,746 were men. The flora of Lower Silesia is specific and different for each zone. Magna Germania (second century) records that between the Celtic and the Slavic period, Lower Silesia was inhabited by a number of Germanic tribes. [93] An earlier, equally devastating flood of the river took place in 1903. Piastów Śląskich we Wrocławiu", "Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu", "Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wrocławiu – Najlepsze studia ekonomiczne", "Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Teatralna im. Service’s monograph thus serves as a highly useful introduction to the phenomenon for non-specialist historians and social scientists with limited familiarity with the phenomenon, even as the detailed case studies are essential reading for researchers in this … A marathon takes place in Wrocław every year in September. [3] In the 1930s Poles and Jews were increasingly persecuted in the German-controlled part of the region. In the Middle Ages Lower Silesia was part of Piast-ruled Poland. The fragments of forests similar to natural complexes of pine-fir-beech with admixture of larch, sycamore maple and lime occur near the Szklarski waterfall, in the Jagniątkowski complex, and Chojnik Mountain. There are also minor associations practicing and promoting Rodnovery neopaganism. Noteworthy landmarks include the Multimedia Fountain, Szczytnicki Park with its Japanese Garden, miniature park and dinosaur park, the Botanical Garden founded in 1811, Poland's largest railway model Kolejkowo, Hydropolis Centre for Ecological Education, University of Wrocław with Mathematical Tower, Church of the Name of Jesus, Wrocław water tower, the Royal Palace, ropes course on the Opatowicka Island, White Stork Synagogue, the Old Jewish Cemetery and the Cemetery of Italian Soldiers. Due to these facts, some of the inhabitants of this region still consider themselves Silesian and cultivate Silesian customs. The castle in Kertschütz, Polish Karzyce, Powiat średzki was erected in the late 19. th century and significantly rebuilt in the 20. th century. [163] Four years later, in 2014, it celebrated its first ordination of four rabbis and three cantors since the Holocaust. While the city was largely Polish, it also had communities of Bohemians (Czechs), Germans, Walloons and Jews. Wrocław had the third largest Jewish population of all cities in Germany before the war. On 10 October 1854, the Jewish Theological Seminary opened. The city council used both Latin and German, and the early forms of the name "Breslau", the German name of the city, appeared for the first time in its written records. [91], In May 1997, Wrocław hosted the 46th International Eucharistic Congress. [14] These orders erected buildings, which shaped the city's appearance until 1945. By the 15th century, the Early New High German variations of the name, Breslau, first began to be used. According to Köppen's original definition, Wrocław has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb). Padł rekord z 1968 Roku", "Rekordy temperatury w Polsce – Pogoda i Klimat", "Aktualne dane pomiarowe – Pogoda i Klimat, Prognozy Numeryczne", "Wrocławskie osiedla - Biuletyn Informacji Publicznej Urzędu Miejskiego Wrocławia", "Gazeta Wrocławska – Wiadomości Wrocław, Informacje Wrocław", "DHL Express zbudował nową bazę logistyczną pod Wrocławiem", "Powstaje największe centrum handlowe w Polsce", "Qatar Airways expands in Poland with new European Customer Contact Centre", "Credit Suisse opens Centre of Excellence in Wrocław", "IBM Opens Service Delivery Center in Wrocław", "Microsoft opens software development centre in Wrocław", https://wroclife.pl/nasze-miasto/korki-we-wroclawiu-jestesmy-w-czolowce-najbardziej-zatloczonych-miast-ranking/#:~:text=Najbardziej%20zakorkowane%20miasta%20w%20Polsce&text=Wroc%C5%82aw%20uplasowa%C5%82%20si%C4%99%20na%20pi%C4%85tej,ca%C5%82ego%20%C5%9Bwiata%2C%20zaj%C4%99li%C5%9Bmy%2041%20miejsce, "Wrocław wśród najbardziej zakorkowanych miast w Europie", "Samochody we Wrocławiu głównie stoją. In this Vlog we leave Berlin and head north into the snow covered forests to find Joseph Goebbels abandoned villa and bunker. The main rail station is Wrocław Główny, which is the largest railway station in Poland by the number of passengers served (21,2 million passengers a year), and perhaps the most important railroad junction alongside Warsaw Central station. The ecclesial suzerainty of Gniezno over Wrocław lasted until 1821. [89], In 1983 and 1997, Pope John Paul II visited the city. [57], From 1912, the head of the University's Department of Psychiatry and director of the Clinic of Psychiatry (Königlich Psychiatrischen und Nervenklinik) was Alois Alzheimer and, that same year, professor William Stern introduced the concept of IQ. [25] In 1109 during the Polish-German war, Prince Bolesław III Wrymouth defeated the King of Germany Henry V at the Battle of Hundsfeld, stopping the German advance into Poland. After a siege of nearly three months, Festung Breslau capitulated to the Red Army on 6 May 1945, two days before the end of the war. … [6] Since the beginning of the 20th century, the University of Wrocław, previously Breslau University, has produced 9 Nobel Prize laureates and is renowned for its high quality of teaching. [32], With the influx of settlers the town expanded and in 1242 came under German town law. The Schlesien Ottenburger & Ortenburger Families, Volume II is available to purchase. 50 If the weavers then had to travel a long and arduous road to the market, they lost valuable time, sometimes as much as a whole working day. However, it is not able to draw taxation directly from its citizens, and instead receives its budget from the Polish national government whose seat is in Warsaw. [196] Free wireless Internet (Wi-Fi) is available at a number of places around town. The Boer War as backdrop to the British behavioural problem/pattern in ww2 and particularly after May 8th 1945 when most of the murders took place against unarmed prisoner’s. In 1469, Lower Silesia passed to Hungary, and in 1490 it fell back to Bohemia, then ruled by the Jagiellonian dynasty. Lower Silesia emerged as a distinctive region during the fragmentation of Poland, in 1172, when the Duchies of Opole and Racibórz, considered Upper Silesia since, were formed of the eastern part of the Duchy of Silesia, and the remaining, western part was since considered Lower Silesia. The eastern part includes also Równina Wrocławska with its surrounding lands: Równina Oleśnicka, Wysoczyzna Średzka, Równina Grodkowska and Niemodlińska. The Polish Municipal school opened in 1666 and lasted until 1766. Many are students studying at Wrocław's schools and institutions of higher learning. Many duchies remained Polish-ruled under the houses of Piast, Jagiellon and Sobieski, some up to the 17th and 18th century. Few survived the Holocaust. After a temporary shift to Bohemia in the first half of the 11th century, Lower Silesia continued to be an integral part of the Polish state until the end of its fragmentation period when all Polish claims on this land were finally renounced in favour of the Bohemian kingdom in 1348.